ARTICLE 13 Capital Gains 　　Gains derived by a resident of one of the Contracting States from the sale, exchange, or other disposition of capital assets shall be exempt from tax by the other Contracting State unless: 　　(1) The gain is derived by a resident of the first-mentioned Contracting State from the sale, exchange, or other disposition of property described in Article 6 (Income from Real Property) situated within that other Contracting State, 　　(2) The recipient of the gain, being a resident of the first-mentioned Contracting State, has a permanent establishment or maintains a fixed base in that other Contracting State and the property giving rise to the gain is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or such fixed base, or 　　(3) The recipient of the gain, being an individual resident of the first-mentioned Contracting State, is present in that other Contracting State for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more in the taxable year. 　　If under the provisions of paragraph (2) the property is effectively connected with a permanent establishment, the provisions of Article 7 (Business Profits) shall apply. ARTICLE 14 Independent Personal Services 　　(1) Income derived by an individual who is a resident of one of the Contracting States from the performance of personal services in an independent capacity, may be taxed by that Contracting State. 　　Except as provided in paragraph (2), such income shall be exempt from tax by the other Contracting State. 　　(2) Income derived by an individual who is a resident of one of the Contracting States from the performance of personal services in an independent capacity in the other Contracting State may be taxed by that other Contracting State, if: 　　(a) The individual is present in that other Contracting State for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more in the taxable year, 　　(b) The individual maintains a fixed base in that other Contracting State for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more in the taxable year, and the income is attributable to such fixed base, or 　　(c) The individual derives the income from personal services as a public entertainer,such as a theater, motion picture, or television artist, a musician, or an athlete, unless such individual is present in that other Contracting State for a period or periods not exceeding a total of 90 days during the taxable year and such income does not exceed in the aggregate 3,000 United States dollars or its equivalent in Belgian francs during the taxable year. ARTICLE 15 Dependent Personal Services 　　(1) Wages, salaries, and similar remuneration derived by an individual who is a resident of one of the Contracting States from labor or personal services performed as an employee, including income from services performed by an officer of a company, may be taxed by that Contracting State. Except as provided by paragraph (2) and Article 20 (Teachers) and Article 21 (Students and Trainees) such remuneration derived from labor or personal services performed in the other Contracting State may also be taxed by that other Contracting State. 　　(2) Remuneration described in paragraph (1) derived by an individual who is a resident of one of the Contracting States shall be exempt from tax by the other Contracting State if: 　　(a) He is present in that other Contracting State for a period or periods aggregating less　than 183 days in the taxable year; 　　(b) He is an employee of a resident of the first-mentioned Contracting State or of a permanent establishment maintained in the first-mentioned Contracting State; and (c) The remuneration is not borne as such by a permanent establishment which the employer has in that other Contracting State. 　　(3) Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2), remuneration derived by an individual from labor or personal services performed as an employee aboard ships or aircraft registered in one of the Contracting States and operated by a resident of that Contracting State in international traffic shall be exempt from tax by the other Contracting State if such individual is a member of the regular complement of the ship or aircraft. ARTICLE 16 Directors' Fees 　　Notwithstanding Articles 14 (Independent Personal Services) and 15 (Dependent Personal Services), a director's fee derived by an individual who is a resident of one of the Contracting States in his capacity as a member of the board of directors of a corporation of the other Contracting State (but not including fixed or contingent payments derived in his capacity as an officer or employee), which cannot be taken as a deduction by the corporation but is treated in that other Contracting State as a distribution of profits, may be taxed by that other Contracting State. ARTICLE 17 Social Security Payments 　　Social security payments and similar pensions paid by, or out of public funds created by, one of the Contracting States or a governmental instrumentality thereof to an individual who is a resident of the other Contracting State shall be taxable only in the first-mentioned Contracting State. ARTICLE 18 Private Pensions and Annuities 　　(1) Except as provided in Articles 17 (Social Security Payments) and 19 (Governmental Functions), pensions and other similar remuneration paid to an individual who is a resident of one of the Contracting States in consideration of past employment shall be taxable only in that Contracting State. 　　(2) Alimony and annuities paid to an individual who is a resident of one of the Contracting States shall be taxable only in that Contracting State. 　　(3) The term "pensions and other similar remuneration", as used in this article, means periodic payments made after retirement or death in consideration for services rendered, or by way of compensation for injuries received in connection with past employment. 　　(4) The term "annuities", as used in this article, means a stated sum paid periodically at stated times during life, or during a specified number of years, under an obligation to make the payments in return for adequate and full consideration (other than for services rendered). ARTICLE 19 Governmental Functions 　　(1) Notwithstanding Articles 15 (Dependent Personal Services), 17 (Social Security Payments), and 18 (Private Pensions and Annuities), wages, salaries, and similar remuneration, including pensions or similar benefits, paid by or from public funds of one of the Contracting States, or a political subdivision or local authority thereof, for labor or personal services performed for that Contracting State, or for any of its political subdivisions or local authorities, in the discharge of governmental functions: 　　(a) To a citizen of that Contracting State or 　　(b) To a citizen of a State other than a Contracting State and who comes to the other　Contracting State expressly for the purpose of being employed by the first-mentioned Contracting State, or a political subdivision or a local authority thereof, shall be exempt from tax by that other Contracting State. (2) The provisions of Articles 15 (Dependent Personal Services), 17 (Social Security Payments), and 18 (Private Pensions and Annuities) shall apply to wages, salaries, and pensions paid in respect of services rendered in connection with any trade or business carried on by the first-mentioned Contracting State, or a political subdivision or a local authority thereof. ARTICLE 20 Teachers 　　(1) An individual who is a resident of one of the Contracting States at the time he becomes temporarily present in the other Contracting State and who, at the invitation of the Government of that other Contracting State or of a university or other recognized educational institution in that other Contracting State is temporarily present in that other Contracting State for the primary purpose of teaching or engaging in research, or both, at a university or other recognized educational institution shall be exempt from tax by that other Contracting State on his income from personal services for teaching or research at such university or educational institution, for a period not exceeding 2 years from the date of his arrival in that other Contracting State. 　　(2) This article shall not apply to income from research if such research is undertaken not in the public interest but primarily for the private benefit of a specific person or persons. ARTICLE 21 Students and Trainees 　　(1) (a) An individual who is a resident of one of the Contracting States at the time he becomes temporarily present in the other Contracting State and who is temporarily present in that other Contracting State for the primary purpose of: (i) Studying at a university or other recognized educational institution in that other Contracting State, or 　　(ii) Securing training required to qualify him to practice a profession or professional specialty, or 　　(iii) Studying or doing research as a recipient of a grant, allowance, or award from a governmental, religious, charitable, scientific, literary, or educational organization,shall be exempt from tax by that other Contracting State with respect to amounts described in subparagraph (b) for a period not exceeding 5 taxable years from the date of his arrival in that other Contracting State. 　　(b) The amounts referred to in subparagraph (a) are: 　　(i) Gifts from abroad for the purpose of his maintenance, education, study, research, or training; 　　(ii) The grant, allowance, or award; and 　　(iii) Income from personal services performed in that other Contracting State in an amount not in excess of 2,000 United States dollars or its equivalent in Belgian francs for any taxable year. 　　(2) An individual who is a resident of one of the Contracting States at the time he becomes temporarily present in the other Contracting State and who is temporarily present in that other Contracting State as an employee of, or under contract with, a resident of the first-mentioned Contracting State, for the primary purpose of: 　　(a) Acquiring technical, professional, or business experience from a person other than　that resident of the first-mentioned Contracting State or other than a person related to such resident, or 　　(b) Studying at a university or other recognized educational institution in that other　Contracting State, shall be exempt from tax by that other Contracting State for a period of 12 consecutive months with respect to his income from personal services in an aggregate amount not in excess of 5,000 Unites States dollars or its equivalent in Belgian francs. 　　(3) An individual who is a resident of one of the Contracting States at the time he becomes temporarily present in the other Contracting State and who is temporarily present in that other Contracting State for a period not exceeding 1 year, as a participant in a program sponsored by the Government of that other Contracting State, for the primary purpose of training, research, or study, shall be exempt from tax by that other Contracting State with respect to his income from personal services in respect of such training, research, or study performed in that other Contracting State in an aggregate　amount not in excess of 10,000 United States dollars or its equivalent in Belgian francs. 　　(4) The benefits provided under Article 20 (Teachers) and paragraph (1) of this article shall extend only for such period of time as may reasonably or customarily be required to effectuate the purpose of the visit, but in no case shall any individual have the benefits provided therein for more than a total of 5 taxable years from the date of his arrival. ARTICLE 22 Income Not Expressly Mentioned 　　Items of income of a resident of one of the Contracting States which are not expressly mentioned in the foregoing articles of this Convention shall be taxable only in that Contracting State except that if such income is derived from sources within the other Contracting State, that other Contracting State may also tax such income. ARTICLE 23 Relief from Double Taxation 　　(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Convention, a Contracting State may tax its citizens and residents as determined under Article 4 (Fiscal Domicile) as if this Convention had not come into effect, provided however, that: 　　(a) This provision shall not affect the benefits conferred by a Contracting State under this article and Articles 17 (Social Security Payments), 24 (Nondiscrimination), and 25 (Mutual Agreement Procedure). (b) This provision shall not affect the benefits conferred by a Contracting State under Articles 19 (Governmental Functions), 20 (Teachers), and 21 (Students and Trainees), upon individuals who are neither citizens of, nor have immigrant status in, that Contracting State. (2) Subject to the provisions of United States law applicable for the taxable year, the United States shall allow to a citizen or resident of the United States as a credit against United States tax the appropriate amount of Belgian tax; such appropriate amount shall be based upon the amount of tax paid to Belgium but shall not exceed the amount of United States tax attributable to income from Belgian sources. Income which has been taxed by Belgium in accordance with Articles 6 through 21 shall, for the purpose of applying the United States credit in relation to Belgian tax, be treated as income from Belgian sources. 　　(3) In the case of income derived from sources in the United States relief from double taxation shall be granted in Belgium in the following manner: 　　(a) Where a resident of Belgium derives income which is not subject to the provisions of subparagraphs (b) through (d) below and which has been taxed by the United States in accordance with Articles 6 through 21, Belgium shall exempt such income from tax but may, in calculating the amount of tax on the remainder of the income of that resident, apply the rate of tax which would have been applicable if such income had not been exempted. 　　(b) Where a resident of Belgium receives dividends (which are not exempt under subparagraph (d)) to which the provisions of paragraph (2) of Article 10 (Dividends) apply, interest to which the provisions of paragraph (2) or paragraph (8) of Article 11 (Interest) apply or royalties to which the provisions of paragraph (5) of Article 12 (Royalties) apply, Belgium shall reduce the Belgian tax imposed thereon by a credit in respect of the tax borne in the United States. The credit shall be allowed against the tax imposed on the net amount of the dividends from corporations of the United States, as well as of interest and royalties from sources in the United States which have been taxed there; the credit shall be the fixed amount in respect of the foreign tax for which provision is made in existing Belgian law, subject to any subsequent modification - which, however, shall not affect the principle hereof. 　　(c) Where a resident of Belgium receives income to which the provisions of Article 22 (Income Not Expressly Mentioned) apply and which has been taxed by the United States, the amount of Belgian tax proportionately attributable to such income shall not exceed the amount which would be imposed in accordance with Belgian law, if such income were taxed as earned income derived from sources outside Belgium and subject to foreign tax. (d) Where a Belgian corporation owns shares in a United States corporation which is subject in the United States to tax on its profits, the dividends which are paid to it by the latter corporation and which may be taxed in the United States in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (2) of Article 10 (Dividends) shall be exempt from the corporate income tax in Belgium to the extent that the exemption would have been accorded if the two corporations had been corporations of Belgium; this provision shall not prohibit the withholding from those dividends of the movable property prepayment (précompte mobilier) imposed by Belgian law. 　　(e) A Belgian corporation which, during the whole of an accounting period of a United　States corporation which is subject there to tax on its profits, has held the direct ownership of shares in the latter corporation, shall also be exempted from the movable property prepayment (précompte mobilier) imposed by Belgian law on the dividends derived from those shares, provided that it so requests in writing not later than the time limited for the submission of its annual return; on the redistribution to its own shareholders of the dividends so exempted those dividends may not be deducted from dividends distributed by that corporation which are subject to the movable property prepayment (pré compte mobilier). This subparagraph shall not apply when the first-mentioned corporation has elected that its profits be charged to the individual　income tax. However, the application of this subparagraph shall be limited to dividends paid by a United States corporation to a Belgian corporation which controls not less than 10 percent of the voting power in the first-mentioned corporation where, for the application of the exemption referred to in subparagraph (d), a similar limitation would be imposed by Belgian legislation in respect of dividends paid by corporations of Belgium. 　　(f) Where an individual who is a resident of Belgium and a citizen of the United States　receives income from sources within the United States which is not exempt from Belgian tax under subparagraph (a) nor covered by subparagraph (c), the amount of the Belgian individual income tax proportionately attributable to such income may not exceed: 　　(i) In the case of dividends, interest, and royalties, an amount which, after　allowance of the fixed amount in respect of the foreign tax, where applicable,corresponds to 20 percent of such income; 　　(ii) In the case of other income concerned, the amount which would be mposed　in accordance with Belgian law, if such income were taxed as earned income derived　from sources outside Belgium and subject to foreign tax. 　　(g) When in accordance with Belgian law, losses incurred by a resident of Belgium in a　permanent establishment situated in the United States have been effectively deducted from the profits of that resident for his taxation in Belgium, the exemption provided in subparagraph (a) shall not apply in Belgium to the profits of other taxable periods attributable to that establishment to the extent that those profits have also been reduced for United States tax purposes by reason of compensation for the said losses. 　　(4) In the case of a corporation which is treated as a United States corporation for United States tax purposes and as a Belgian corporation for Belgian tax purposes, relief from double taxation shall be granted in accordance with the principles of paragraphs (2) and (3). ARTICLE 24 Nondiscrimination 　　(1) A citizen of one of the Contracting States who is a resident of the other Contracting State shall not be subjected in that other Contracting State to more burdensome taxes than a citizen of that other Contracting State who is a resident thereof. 　　(2) A permanent establishment which a resident of one of the Contracting States has in the other Contracting State shall not be subject in that other Contracting State to more burdensome taxes than a resident of that other Contracting State carrying on the same activities. This paragraph shall not be construed as obliging a Contracting State to grant to individual residents of the other Contracting State any personal allowances, reliefs, or deductions for taxation purposes on account of civil status or family responsibilities which it grants to its own individual residents. 　　(3) A corporation of one of the Contracting States, the capital of which is wholly or partly owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by one or more residents of the other Contracting State, shall not be subjected in the first-mentioned Contracting State to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which a corporation of the first-mentioned Contracting State carrying on the same activities, the capital of which is wholly owned or controlled by one or more residents of the first-mentioned Contracting State, is or may be subjected. 　　(4) The provisions of this article shall apply to taxes of every kind whether imposed at the National, State, or local level. 　　(5) The provisions of paragraph (2) shall not be construed as preventing Belgium from taxing the total profits attributable to a permanent establishment which is maintained in Belgium by a United States corporation, or any unincorporated entity, which is a resident of the United States at a rate which - before the application of the surcharges specified in paragraph (1) (b) (vi) of Article 2 - is the highest rate at which the profits of a Belgian corporation may be taxed. (a) However, as long as Belgium imposes its tax on the distributed profits of a Belgian corporation at a rate which is lower than such highest rate then the Belgian tax on the portion of the profits of the permanent establishment which is deemed to be distributed shall be imposed at a rate which - before the application of the surcharges specified in paragraph (1) (b) (vi) of Article 2 - shall not exceed the highest rate at which such tax may be imposed on the distributed profits of a Belgian corporation. 　　(b) For purposes of this paragraph, the permanent establishment which is maintained in　Belgium shall be deemed to distribute the same percentage of its profits as such resident　distributes from its total profits. ARTICLE 25 Mutual Agreement Procedure 　　(1) Where a resident of one of the Contracting States considers that the action of one or both of the Contracting States results or will result for him in taxation not in accordance with this Convention, he may, notwithstanding the remedies provided by the national laws of the Contracting States, present his case to the competent authority of the Contracting State of which he is a resident within 2 years from the date of notification (or collection at source) of the tax which has been last asserted or collected. Should the residents claim be considered to have merit by the competent authority of the Contracting State to which the claim is made, the competent authority shall endeavor to come to an agreement with the competent authority of the other Contracting State with a view to the avoidance of taxation contrary to the provisions of this Convention. 　　(2) The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall endeavor to resolve by mutual agreement any difficulties or doubts arising as to the application of this Convention. In particular, the competent authorities of the Contracting States may agree: 　　(a) To the same attribution of industrial or commercial profits to a resident of one of the　Contracting States and its permanent establishment situated in the other Contracting State; 　　(b) To the same allocation of income, deductions, credits, or allowances between a　resident of one of the Contracting States and any related person; 　　(c) To the same determination of the source of particular items of income; or 　　(d) To the same meaning of any term used in this Convention. 　　(3) The competent authorities of the Contracting States may communicate with each other directly for the purpose of reaching an agreement in the sense of this article. When it seems advisable for the purpose of reaching agreement, the competent authorities may meet together for an oral exchange of opinions. 　　(4) In the event that the competent authorities reach such an agreement, taxes on such income shall be adjusted and refund or credit of taxes shall be allowed, by the Contracting States in accordance with such agreement. ARTICLE 26 Exchange of Information 　　(1) The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall exchange such information as is pertinent to carrying out the provisions of this Convention or preventing fraud or fiscal evasion in relation to the taxes which are the subject of this Convention. Any information so exchanged shall be treated as secret and shall not be disclosed to any persons other than those (including a court or administrative body) concerned with assessment, collection, enforcement, or prosecution in respect of the taxes which are the subject of this Convention. 　　(2) In no case shall the provisions of paragraph (1) be construed so as to impose on one of the Contracting States the obligation: 　　(a) To carry out administrative measures at variance with the laws or the administrative practice of that Contracting State or the other Contracting State; (b) To supply particulars which are not obtainable under the laws, or in the normal　course of the administration, of that Contracting State or of the other Contracting State; or 　　(c) To supply information which would disclose any trade, business, industrial,commercial, or professional secret or trade process or information, the disclosure of which would be contrary to public policy. 　　(3) The exchange of information shall be either on a routine basis or on request with reference to particular cases. The competent authorities of the Contracting States may agree on the list of information which shall be furnished on a routine basis. ARTICLE 27 Assistance in Collection 　　(1) Each of the Contracting States shall endeavor to collect on behalf of the other Contracting State such taxes imposed by that other Contracting State as will ensure that any exemption or reduced rate of tax granted under this Convention by that other Contracting State shall not be enjoyed by persons not entitled to such benefits. 　　(2) In no case shall this article be construed so as to impose upon a Contracting State the obligation to carry out administrative measures at variance with the regulations and practices of either Contracting State or which would be contrary to the first-mentioned Contracting State's sovereignty, security, or public policy. ARTICLE 28 Miscellaneous 　　(1) Nothing in this Convention shall affect the fiscal privileges of diplomatic and consular officials under the general rules of international law or under the provisions of special agreements. 　　(2) The provisions of this Convention shall not be construed to restrict in any manner any exclusion, exemption, deduction, credit, or other allowance now or hereafter accorded: 　　(a) By the laws of one of the Contracting States in the determination of the tax imposed　by that Contracting State, or 　　(b) By any other agreement between the Contracting States. 　　(3) The competent authorities of the two Contracting States may communicate with each other directly for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Convention. ARTICLE 29 Extension to Territories 　　(1) The United States may, at any time while this Convention continues in force, by a written notification given to Belgium through diplomatic channels, declare its desire that the operation of this Convention, either in whole or in part or with such modifications as may be found necessary for special application in a particular case, shall extend to all or any of the areas (to which this Convention is not otherwise applicable) for whose international relations it is responsible and which impose taxes substantially similar in character to those which are the subject of this Convention. When Belgium has, by a written communication through diplomatic channels, signified to the United States that such notification is accepted in respect of such area or areas, and the notification and communication have been ratified and instruments of ratification exchanged, this Convention, in whole or in part, or with such modifications as may be found necessary for special application in a particular case, as specified in the notification, shall apply to the area or areas named in the notification and shall have effect on and after the date or dates specified therein. 　　(2) At any time after the date of entry into force of an extension under paragraph (1), either of the Contracting States may, by 6 months prior notice of termination given to the other Contracting State through diplomatic channels, terminate the application of this Convention to any area to which it has been extended under paragraph (1), and in such event this Convention shall cease to have effect, beginning on or after the first day of January next following the expiration of the 6-month period, in the area or areas named therein, but without affecting its continued application to the United States, Belgium, or to any other area to which it has been extended under paragraph (1). 　　(3) In the application of this Convention in relation to any area to which it is extended by notification by the United States, reference to the "United States" shall be construed as referring to that area. 　　(4) The termination in respect of the United States or Belgium of this Convention under Article 31 (Termination) shall, unless otherwise expressly agreed by both Contracting States, terminate the application of this Convention to any area to which the Convention has been extended under this article. ARTICLE 30 Entry into Force 　　(1) This Convention shall be ratified and instruments of ratification shall be exchanged at Washington as soon as possible. It shall enter into force 1 month after the date of exchange of the instruments of ratification. The provisions shall for the first time have effect with respect to income of calendar years or taxable years beginning (or, in the case of taxes payable at the source, payments made) on or after January 1, 1971. 　　(2) As between the United States and Belgium, the Convention between Belgium and the United States for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respect to Taxes on Income signed at Washington, D.C. on October 28, 1948; modified and supplemented by the Supplementary Conventions signed at Washington on September 9, 1952, and August 22, 1957, and by the Protocol signed at Brussels on May 21, 1965, shall terminate and cease to have effect in respect of income to which this Convention applies under paragraph (1) of this article. ARTICLE 31 Termination 　　(1) This Convention shall remain in force until terminated by one of the Contracting States. Either Contracting State may terminate the Convention at any time after 5 years from the date on which this Convention enters into force provided that at least 6 months prior notice of termination has been given through diplomatic channels. In such event the Convention shall cease to have effect as respects income of calendar years or taxable years beginning (or, in the case of taxes payable at the source, payments made) on or after January 1 next following the expiration of the 6-month period. 　　(3) Notwithstanding the provision of paragraph (1), and upon prior notice to be given through diplomatic channels, the provisions of Article 17 (Social Security Payments) may be terminated by either Contracting State at any time after this Convention enters into force. FOR THE PRESIDENT OF THE 　　　FOR THE KINGDOM UNITED STATES OF AMERICA OF BELGIUM (s) John S. D. Eisenhower (s) Pierre Harmel