１９９１年４月９日　中华人民共和国主席令第四十五号 　　《中华人民共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法》已由中华人民共和国第七 届全国人民代表大会第四次会议于１９９１年４月９日通过，现予公布，自１９９１ 年７月１日起施行。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　中华人民共和国主席　杨尚昆 附件：中华人民共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法 　　第一条　中华人民共和国境内的外商投资企业生产、经营所得和其他所得，依照 本法的规定缴纳所得税。 　　在中华人民共和国境内，外国企业生产、经营所得和其他所得，依照本法的规定 缴纳所得税。 　　第二条　本法所称外商投资企业，是指在中国境内设立的中外合资经营企业、中 外合作经营企业和外商企业。 　　本法所称外国企业，是指在中国境内设立机构、场所，从事生产、经营和虽未设 立机构、场所，而有来源于中国境内所得的外国公司、企业和其他经济组织。 　　第三条　外商投资企业的总机构设在中国境内，就来源于中国境内、境外的所得 缴纳所得税。外国企业就来源于中国境内的所得缴纳所得税。 　　第四条　外商投资　外国企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、场所每 一纳税年度的收入总额，减除成本、费用以及损失后的余额，为应纳税的所得额。 　　第五条　外商投资企业的企业所得税和外国企业就其在中国境内设立的从事生产、 经营的机构、场所的所得应纳的企业所得税，按应纳税的所得额计算，税率为百分之 三十；地方所得税，按应纳税的所得额计算，税率为百分之三。 　　第六条　国家按照产业政策，引导外商投资方向，鼓励举办采用先进技术、设备， 产品全部或者大部分出口的外商投资企业。 　　第七条　设在经济特区的外商投资企业，在经济特区设立机构、场所从事生产、 经营的外国企业和设在经济技术开发区的生产性外商投资企业，减按百分之十五的税 率征收企业所得税。 　　设在沿海经济开发区和经济特区、经济技术开发区所在城市的老市区的生产性外 商投资企业，减按百分之二十四的税率征收企业所得税。 　　设在沿海经济开放区和经济特区、经济开发区所在城市的老市区或者设在国务院 规定的其他地区的外商投资企业，属于能源、交通、港口、码头或者国家鼓励的其他 项目的，可以减按百分之十五的税率征收企业所得税，具体办法由国务院规定。 　　第八条　对生产性外商投资企业，经营期在十年以上的，从开始获利的年度起， 第一年和第二年免征企业所得税，第三年至第五年减半征收企业所得税，但是属于石 油、天然气、稀有金属、贵重金属等资源开采项目的，由国务院另行规定。外商投资 企业实际经营期不满十年的，应当补缴已免征、减征的企业所得税税款。 　　本法施行前国务院公布的规定，对能源、交通、港口、码头以及其他重要生产性 项目给予比前款规定更长期限的免征、减征企业所得税的优惠待遇，或者对非生产性 的重要项目给予免征、减征企业所得税的优惠待遇，在本法施行后继续执行。 　　从事农业、林业、牧业的外商投资企业和设在经济不发达的边远地区的外商投资， 依照前两款规定享受免税、减税待遇期满后，经企业申请，国务院税务主管部门批准， 在以后的十年内可以继续按应纳税额减征百分之十五至百分之三十的企业所得税。 　　本法施行后，需要变更前三款的免征、减征企业所得税的规定的，由国务院报全 国人民代表大会常务委员会决定。 　　第九条　对鼓励外商投资的行业、项目，省、自治区、直辖市人民政府可以根据 实际情况决定免征、减征的地方所得税。 　　第十条　外商投资企业的外国投资者，将从企业取得的利润直接再投资于该企业， 增加注册资本，或者作为资本投资开办其他外商投资企业，经营期不少于五年的，经 投资者申请，税务机关批准，退还其再投资部分已缴纳所得税的百分之四十税款，国 务院另有优惠规定的，依照国务院的规定办理；再投资不满五年撤出的，应当缴回已 退的税款。 　　第十一条　外商投资企业和外国企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、 场所发生年度亏损，可以用下一纳税年度的所得弥补；下一纳税年度的所得不足弥补， 但最长不得超过五年。 　　第十二条　外商投资企业来源于中国境外的所得已在境外缴纳的所得税税款，准 予在汇总纳税时，从其应纳税额中扣除，但扣除额不得超过其境外所得依照本法规定 计算的应纳税额。 　　第十三条　外商投资企业或者外国企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、 场所与其关联企业之间的业务往来，应当按照独立企业之间的业务往来收取或者支付 价款、费用。不按照独立企业之间的业务往来收取或者支付价款、费用，而减少其应 纳税的所得额的，税务机关有权进行合理调整。 　　第十四条　外商投资企业和外车企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、 场所设立、迁移、合并、分立、终止以及变更登记主要事项，应当向工商行政管理机 关办理登记或者变更、注销登记，并持有关证件向当地税务机关办理税务登记或者变 更、注销登记。 　　第十五条　缴纳企业所得税和地方所得税，按年计划处，分季预缴。季度终了后 十五日内预缴；年度终了后五个月内汇算清缴，多退少补。 　　第十六条　外商投资企业和外国企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、 场所应当在每次预缴所得税的期限内，向当地税务机关报送预缴所得税申报表；年度 终了后四个月内，报送年度所得税申报表和会计决算报表。 　　第十七条　外商投资企业和外国企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、 场所的财务、会计制度，应当报送当地税务机关备查。各项会计记录必须完整准确， 有合法凭证作为记帐依据。 　　外商投资企业和外国企业在中国境内设立的从事生产、经营的机构、场所的财务、 会计处理办法同国务院有关税收的规定有抵触的，应当依照国务院有关税收的规定计 算纳税。 　　第十八条　外商投资企业进行清算时，其资产净额或者剩余财产减除企业未分配 利润、各项基金和清算费用后的余额，超过实缴资本的部分为清算所得，应当依照本 法规定缴纳所得税。 　　第十九条　外国企业在中国境内未设立机构、场所，而有取得的来源于中国境内 的利润、利息、租金、特许权使用费和其他所得，或者虽设立机构、场所，但上述所 得与其机构、场所没有实际联系的，都应当缴纳百分之二十的所得税。 　　依照前款规定缴纳的所得税以实际受益人为纳税义务人，以支付人为扣缴义务人。 税款由支付人在每次支付的款额中扣除。扣缴义务人每次所扣的税款，应当于五日内 缴入国库，并向当地税务机关报送扣缴所得税报告表。 　　对下列所得，免征、减征所得税： 　　(一)外国投资者从外商投资企业取得的利润，免征所得税； 　　(二)国际金融组织贷款给中国政府和中国国家银行的利息所得，免征所得税； 　　(三)外国银行按照优惠利率贷款给中国国家银行的利息所得，免征所得税； 　　(四)为科学研究、开发能源、发展交通事业、农林牧业生产以及开发重要技术提 供专有技术所取得的特放权使用费，经国务院税务主管部门批准，可以减按百分之十 的税率征收所得税，其中技术先进或者条件优惠的，可以免征所得税。 　　除本条规定以外，对于利润、利息、租金、特许权使用费和其他所得，需要给予 所得税减征、免征的优惠待遇的，由国务院规定。 　　第二十条　税务机关有权对外商投资企业和外国企业在另境内设立的从事生产、 经营的机构、场所的财务、会计和纳税情况进行检查；有权对扣缴义务人代扣代缴税 款情况进行检查。被检查的单位和扣缴义务人必须据实报告，并提供有关资料，不得 拒绝或者隐瞒。 　　第二十一条　依照本法缴纳的所得税以人民币为计算单位。所得为外国货币的， 应当按照国家外汇管理机关公布的外汇牌价折合成人民币缴纳税款。 　　第二十二条　纳税义务人未按规定期限缴纳税款的，或者扣缴义务人未按规定期 限解缴税款的，税务机关除限期缴纳外，从滞纳税款之日起，按日加收滞纳税款千分 之二的滞纳金。 　　第二十三条　未按规定期限向税务机关办理税务登记或者变更、注销登记的，未 按规定期限向税务机关报送所得税申报表、会计决算报表或者扣缴所得税报告表的， 或者未将本单位的财务、会计制度报送税务机关备查的，由税务机关责令限期登记或 者报送，并可以处以五千元以下的罚款。 　　经税务机关责令限期登记或者报送，逾期仍不向税务机关办理税务登记或者变更 登记，或者仍不向税务机关报送所得税申报表、会计决算报表或者扣缴所得税报告表 的，由税务机关处以一万元以下的罚款；情节严重的，比照刑法第一百二十一条的规 定追究其法定代表人和直接责任人员的刑事责任。 　　第二十四条　扣缴义务人不履行本法规定的扣缴义务，不扣或者少扣应扣税款的， 由税务机关限期追缴应扣未扣税款，并可以处以应扣未扣税款以倍以下的罚款。 　　扣缴义务人未按规定的期限将已扣税款缴入国库的，由税务机关责令限期缴纳， 并可以处以五千元以下的罚款；逾期仍不缴纳的，由税务机关依法追缴，并处以一万 元以下的罚款；情节严重的，比照刑法第一百二十一条的规定追究其法定代表人和直 接责任人员的刑事责任。 　　第二十五条　采取隐瞒、欺骗手段偷税的，或者未按本法规定的期限缴纳税款， 经税务机关催缴，在规定的期限内仍不缴纳的，由税务机关追缴其应缴纳税款，并处 以应补税款五倍以下的罚款；情节严重的，依照刑法第一百二十一条的规定追究其法 定代表人和直接责任人员的刑事责任。 　　第二十六条　外商投资企业、外国企业或者扣缴义务人同税务机关在纳税上发生 争议时，必须先依照规定纳税，然后可在收到税务机关填发的纳税凭证之日起六十日 内向上一级税务机关申请复议。上一级税务机关应当自收到复议申请之日起六十日内 作出复议决定。对复议决定不服的，可在接到复议决定之日起十五日内向人民法院起 诉。 　　当事人对税务机关的处罚决定不服的，可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内，向 作出处罚决定的机关的上一级机关申请复议；对复议决定不服的，可以在接到复议决 定之日起十五日内，向人民法院起诉。当事人也可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内， 直接向人民法院起诉。当事人逾期不申请复议或者不向人民法院起诉、又不履行处罚 决定的，作出处罚决定的机关可以申请人民法院强制执行。 　　第二十七条　本法公布前已设立的外商投资企业，依照本法规定，其所得税税率 比本法施行前有所提高或者所享受的所得税减征、免征优惠待遇比本法施行前有所减 少的，在批准的经营期限内，依照本法施行前法律和国务院有关规定执行；没有经营 期限的，在国务院规定的期间内，依照本法施行前法律和国务院有关规定执行。具体 办法由国务院规定。 　　第二十八条　中华人民共和国政府与外国政府所订立的有关税收的协定同本法有 不同规定的，依照协定的规定办理。 　　第二十九条　国务院根据本法制定实施细则。 　　第三十条　本法自一九九一年七月一日起施行。《中华人民共和国中外合资经营 企业所得税法》和《中华人民共和国外国企业所得税法》同时废止。 INCOME TAX LAW OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA FOR ENTERPRISES WITH FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND FOREIGN ENTERPRISES Article 1 Income tax shall be paid in accordance with the provisions of this Law by enterprises with foreign investment within the territory of the People’s Republic of China on their income derived from production, business operations and other sources. Income tax shall be paid in accordance with the provisions of this Law by foreign enterprises on their income derived from production, business operations and other sources within the territory of the People’s Republic of China. Article 2 “Enterprise with foreign investment” referred to in this Law means Chinese- foreign equity joint ventures, Chinese foreign contractual joint ventures and foreign-capital enterprises that are established in China. “Foreign enterprises” referred to in this Law means foreign companies , enterprises and other economic organizations which have establishments or places in China and engage in production or business operations, or which, though without establishments or places in China, have income from sources within China. Article 3 Any enterprise with foreign investment which establishes its head office in China shall pay income tax on its income derived from sources inside and outside China. Any foreign enterprise shall pay income tax on its income derived from sources within China. Article 4 The taxable income of enterprises with foreign investment and establishments or places set up in China by foreign enterprises to engage in production or business operations shall be the amount remaining from gross income in a tax year after costs, expenses and losses have been deducted. Article 5 The income tax on enterprises with foreign investment and the income tax which shall be paid by foreign enterprises on the income of their establishments or places set up in China to engage in production or business operations shall be computed on taxable income at the rate of 30%; local income tax shall be computed on taxable income at the rate of 3%. Article 6 The state shall, in accordance with the industrial policies, guide the orientation of foreign investment and encourage the establishment of enterprises with foreign investment which adopt advanced technology and equipment and export all or the greater part of their products. Article 7 The income tax on enterprises with foreign investment established in special economic zones, foreign enterprises which have establishments or places in special economic zones engaged in production or business operations, and enterprises with foreign investment of a production nature in economic and technological development zones shall be levied at the reduced rate of 15%. The income tax on enterprises with foreign investment of a production nature established in coastal economic open zones, or in the old urban districts of cities where the special economic zones or the economic and technological development zones are located, shall be levied at the reduced rate of 24%. The income tax on enterprises with foreign investment coastal economic open zones, old urban districts of cities where the special economic zones or the economic and technological development zones are located, or other regions defined by the State Council within the scope of energy, communications, harbour, wharf or other projects encouraged by the state, may be levied at the reduced rate of 15%. The specific rules shall be regulated by the State Council. Article 8 Any enterprise with foreign investment of a production nature scheduled to operate for a period of not less than 10 years shall, from the year in which it begins to make profits, be exempted from income tax in the first and second years and allowed a 50% reduction in the third to fifth years. However, the exemption from or reduction of income tax for enterprises with foreign investment engaged in the exploitation of resources such as petroleum, natural gas, rare metals and precious metals shall be regulated separately by the state Council. Enterprises with foreign investment which have actually operated for a period of less than 10 years shall repay the amount of income tax already exempted or reduced. The relevant regulations promulgated by the State Council before the entry into force of this Law, which provide preferential treatment in the form of exemption from or reduction of income tax for enterprises engaged in energy, communications, harbour, wharf and other major projects of a production nature for a period longer than that specified in the preceding paragraph, or which provide preferential treatment in the form of exemption from or reduction of income tax for enterprises engaged in major projects or a non-production nature, shall remain applicable after this Law enters into force. Any enterprise with foreign investment which is engaged in agriculture, forestry or animal husbandry and any other enterprise with foreign investment which is established in remote underdeveloped areas may, upon approval by the competent department for tax affairs under the state council of an application filed by the enterprise, be allowed a 15% to 30% reduction of the amount of income tax payable for a period of 10 years following the expiration of the period for tax exemption or reduction provided for in the preceding two paragraphs. After this Law enters into force, any modification to the provisions of the preceding three paragraphs of this Article on the exemption from or reduction of income tax on enterprises shall be submitted by the state council to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress for decision. Article 9 The exemption from or reduction of local income tax for any enterprise with foreign investment which operates in an industry or undertakes a project encouraged by the state shall, in accordance with the actual situation, be at the discretion of the people’s government of the relevant province, autonomous rrgion or municipality directly under the Central Government. Article 10 Any foreign investor of an enterprise with foreign investment which reinvests its share of profit obtained from the enterprise directly into that enterprise by increasing its registered capital, or which uses the profit as capital investment to establish other enterprises with foreign investment to operate for a period of not less than 5 years shall, upon approval by the tax authorities of an application filed by the investor, be refunded 40% of the income tax already paid on the reinvested amount. Where regulation of the State Council provide otherwise in respect of preferential treatment, such provisions shall apply, if the investor withdraws its reinvestment before the expiration of a period of 5 years, it shall repay the refunded tax. Article 11 Losses incurred in a tax year by an enterprise with foreign investment or by an establishment or place set up in China by a foreign enterprise to engage in production or business operations may be offset against income of the following tax year. Should the income of the following tax year be insufficient to offset the said losses, the balance may be offset against income of the next subsequent year, and so on , over a period not exceeding 5 years. Article 12 Any enterprise with foreign investment shall be allowed, when filing a consolidated income tax return, to deduct from the amount of tax payable the foreign income tax already paid abroad in respect of income derived from sources outside china. The deductible amount shall not, however, exceed the amount of income tax otherwise payable under this Law in respect of income derived from sources outside China. Article 13 The payment or receipt of charges or fees in business transactions between an enterprise with foreign investment, or an establishment or place set up in China by a foreign enterprise to engage in production or business operations, and its associated enterprises shall be made in the same manner as the payment or receipt of charges of fees in business transactions between independent enterprises, Where the payment or receipt of charges or fees in not made in the same manner as in business transactions between independent enterprises and this results in a reduction of taxable income, the tax authorities shall have the right to make reasonable adjustments. Article 14 Where an enterprise with foreign investment or an establishment or place set up in China by a foreign enterprise to engage in production or business operations is established. Moves to a new sits, merges with another enterprise, breaks up, winds up or makes a change in any of the main entries of registration, it shall present the relevant documents to and shall go through tax registration or a change or cancellation in registration with the local tax authorities, after the relevant event is registered or a change or cancellation in registration has been made with the administrative agency for industry and commerce. Article 15 Income tax on enterprises and local income tax shall be computed on an annual basis and paid in advance in quarterly installments. Such payments shall be made within 15 days from the end of each quarter and the final settlement shall be made within 5 months from the end of each tax year. Any excess payment shall be refunded and any deficiency shall be repaid. Article 16 Any enterprise with foreign investment and any establishment or place set up in China by a foreign enterprise to engage in production or business operations shall file its quarterly provisional income tax returns in respect of advance payments with the local tax authorities within the period for each advance payment of tax and shall file an annual income tax return together with the final accounting statements within 4 months from the end of the tax year. Article 17 Any enterprise with foreign investment and any establishment or place set up in China by a foreign enterprise to engage in production or business operations shall report its financial and accounting systems to the local tax authorities for reference purposes. All accounting records must be complete and accurate, with legitimate vouchers as the basis for entries. If the financial and accounting bases adopted by and enterprise with foreign investment or an establishment or place set up in China by a foreign enterprise to engage in production or business operations contradict the relevant tax provisions of the state Council, tax payment shall be computed in accordance with the relevant tax provisions of the State Council. Article 18 If any enterprise with foreign investment goes into liquidation, and if the balance of its net assets or the balance of its remaining property after deduction of the enterprise’s undistributed profit, various funds and liquidation expenses exceeds the enterprise’s paid-in capital, the excess portion shall be liquidation income on which income tax shall be paid in accordance with the provisions of this Law. Article 19 Any foreign enterprise which has no establishment or place in china but which derives profits, interest, rent, royalties or other income from sources in china, or which, though it has an establishment or place in china, derives such income and the income is not effectively connected with such establishment or place, shall pay an income tax of 20% on such income. From the payment of income tax in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the income beneficiary shall be the taxpayer and the payer shall be the withholding agent. The tax shall be withheld from the amount of each payment by the payer. The withholding agent shall, within 5 days, remit the amount of taxes withheld on each payment to the State treasury and submit a withholding income tax return to the local tax authorities. An exemption from or reduction of income tax shall apply to the following income: (1) profits derived by a foreign investor from an enterprise with foreign investment shall be exempted from income tax; (2)income from interest on loans made to the Chinese Government or Chinese state banks by international financial organizations shall be exempted from income tax; (3)income from interest on loans made at a preferential interest rate to Chinese state banks by foreign banks shall be exempted from income tax; and (4)income tax on royalties received for the supply of technical know-how in scientific research, exploitation of energy resources, development of the communications industries, agricultural, forestry and animal husbandry production, and the development of important technologies may, upon approval by the competent department for tax affairs under the State Council, be levied at the reduced rate of 10%. Where the technology supplies is advanced or the terms are preferential, exemption from income tax may be allowed. Apart from the aforesaid provisions of this article, if preferential treatment in the form of reduction of or exemption from income tax on profits, interest, rent, royalties and other income is required, it shall be regulated by the State Council. Article 20 The tax authorities shall have the right to inspect the financial, accounting and tax affairs of enterprises with foreign investment and establishments or places set up in China by foreign enterprises to engage in production or business operations, and shall have the right to inspect the tax withholding of the withholding agent and its payment of the withheld tax to the State Treasury. The entities and withholding agents being inspected must report the facts and provide relevant information. They may not conceal or refuse to report any facts. When making an inspection, the tax officials shall produce their identity documents and shall be responsible for confidentiality. Article 21 Income tax payable according to this Law shall be computed in terms of Renmnbi(RMB). Income in foreign currency shall be converted into Renminbi according to the exchange rate quoted by the state exchange control authorities for purposes of tax payment. Article 22 If any taxpayer fails to pay tax within the prescribed time limit , or if the withholding agent fails to remit the tax withheld within the prescribed time limit, the tax authorities shall, in addition to setting a new time limit for tax payment, impose a surcharge for overdue payment equal to 0.2% of the overdue tax for each day in arrears, starting from the first day the payment became overdue. Article 23 The tax authorities shall set anew time limit for registration or submission of documents and may impose a fine of 5,000 yuan or less on any taxpayer or withholding agent which fails to register for tax purposes or to make a change or cancellation in registration with the tax authorities within the prescribed time limit; submit an income tax return, final accounting statements or withholding income tax return to the tax authorities within the prescribed time limit; or report its financial and accounting systems to the tax authorities for reference purposes. Where the tax authorities have set a new time limit for registration or submission of documents, they shall impose a fine of 10,000 yuan or less on tax payers or withholding agents which again fail to meet the time limit for registration or making a change in registration with the tax authorities, or for submitting an income tax return, final accounting statements or withholding income tax return to the tax authorities. Where the circumstances are serious, the legal representative and the person directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal responsibility by applying, mutatis mutandis, the provisions of Article 121 of the criminal Law. Article 24 Where the withholding agent fails to fulfill its obligation to withhold tax as provided in this Law, and does not withhold or withholds an amount less than that which should have been withheld, the tax authorities shall set a time limit for the payment of the amount of tax that should have been withheld, and may impose a fine up to but not exceeding 100% of the amount of tax that should have been withheld. Where the withholding agent fails to remit the tax withheld to the State Treasury within the prescribed time limit, the tax authorities shall set a time limit for remitting the taxes and may impose a fine of 5,000 yuan or less on the withholding agent; if the withholding agent again fails to meet the time limit, the tax authorities shall pursue the taxes according to the law and may impose fine of 10, 000 yuan or less on the withholding agent. If the circumstances are serious, the legal representative and the person directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal responsibility by applying, mutatis mutandis, the provisions of Article 121 of the Criminal Law. Article 25 Where any person evades tax by deception or concealment or fails to pay tax within the time limit prescribed by this Law and, after the tax authorities have pursued the payment of tax, again fails to pay it within the prescribed time limit, the tax authorities shall, in addition to recovering the tax which should have been paid, impose a fine up to but not exceeding 500% of the amount of tax which should have been paid. Where the circumstances are serious, the legal representative and the person directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the provisions of Article 121 of the Criminal Law. Article 26 In case of a dispute with the tax authorities in respect of the payment of tax, any enterprise with foreign investment, foreign enterprise or withholding agent must first pay tax according to the relevant regulations. Thereafter, the taxpayer or withholding agent may, within 60 days from the Date of receipt of the tax payment certificate issued by the tax authorities, apply to the tax authorities at the next highest level for reconsideration. The higher tax authorities shall make a decision within 60 days after receipt of the application for reconsideration. If the taxpayer or withholding agent is not satisfied with the decision, it may institute legal proceedings in the people’s court within 15 days from the date of receipt of the notification on decision made after reconsideration. If the party concerned is not satisfied with the decision on punishment by the tax authorities, it may, within 15 days from the date of receipt of the notification on punishment, apply for reconsideration to the tax authorities at the next highest level above that which made the decision on punishment. Where the party is not satisfied with the decision made after reconsideration, it may institute legal proceedings in the people’s court within 15 days from the date of receipt of the decision made after reconsideration. The party concerned may, however, directly institute legal proceedings in the people’s court within 15 days from the date of receipt of the decision made after reconsideration. The party concerned may, however, directly institute legal proceedings in the people’s court within 15 days from the date of receipt of the notification on punishment. If the party concerned does not apply for reconsideration to the higher tax authorities or institute legal proceedings in the people’s court within the time limit, and if the decision on punishment is not fulfilled, the tax authorities which made the decision on punishment may apply to the people’s court for compulsory execution. Article 27 Where any enterprise with foreign investment which was established before the promulgation of this Law would otherwise, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, be subject to higher tax rates or enjoy less preferential treatment of tax exemption or reduction than before the entry into force of this Law, in respect of such enterprise, within its approved period of operation, the law and relevant regulations of the state Council in effect before the entry into force of this Law shall apply. If any such enterprise has no approved period of operation, the law and relevant regulations of the State Council in effect before the entry into force of this Law shall apply within the period prescribed by the state Council. Specific rules shall be regulated by the State Council. Article 28 Where the provisions of tax agreements concluded between the Government of the People’s republic of China and foreign governments are different from the provisions of this Law, the provisions of the respective agreements shall apply. Article 29 Rules for implementation shall be formulated by the State Council in accordance with this Law. Article 30 This Law shall enter into force on 1 July 1991. The Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China for Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint ventures and the Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China for Foreign Enterprises shall be annulled as of the same date. (3)